TENMET

Time Period

Characteristics

Developments

Pre- Colonial Period

(Up to 1870s)

·  Informal education System focusing on the “Good citizen.” 

·  Elders are the educators

·  Formal Education introduced in the 1860s & 1870s

Early Colonial Period

(1885-1918)

Formal Education Reinforced under German Rule (1893)

·  The first government school in 1893

·  Schools virtually collapse with the First World War

Mandate Rule Period

(1919-1945)

Missionary and government education approaches begin to harmonize

·  By 1945, there are 92 Government and native authority schools

·  First Director of Education appointed in 1920

Trusteeship Period

(1946-1961)

Local authorities mandated to oversee the provision  education

·  Initiatives taken to minimize discriminatory practices

·  Pressure by first strong political party (TANU) on the trusteeship government to open more technical schools

·  Pressure to create a separate Ministry for Education

Post Independence

(1960s )

·  Focus shifted towards producing skilled manpower for social and economic sectors of the post-independent state

·  Abolition of racially based education system

·       Massive enrolment

·       Rapid expansion of schools

·       Arusha Declaration 1967

·       Most schools nationalised

·       No private primary schools permitted

**

1970s –

early 1990s

·  Private primary schools allowed

·  Universal Primary Education Program introduced

·  School fees abolished and massive increase in student enrolment

·  1984- School fees reintroduced for primary and secondary schools. Enrolment declines

   ·  Adult Education Program

**

Mid 1990s - Present

Ministry of Education transformed to include vocational training

·  Free and compulsory primary education re-introduced

·  Education Sector Development Program introduced in 1997

·  Primary Education Development Plan introduced in 2001

·  Secondary Education Development Plan introduced in 2003